Hydrochloric acid pickling process control

Kuti muwongolere thanki yotsuka ya hydrochloric acid, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikuwongolera nthawi ya pickling ndi moyo wa tanki yowotchera, kuti zitsimikizire zokolola zambiri ndi moyo wautumiki wa thanki yakutola.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino za pickling, kuchuluka kwa hydrochloric acid kuyenera kuwongoleredwa poyamba, ndiyeno zomwe zili mu ayoni yachitsulo (mchere wachitsulo) mu njira yowotchera ziyenera kuwongoleredwa.Chifukwa osati kuchuluka kwa asidi komwe kungakhudze zotsatira za pickling ya workpiece, komanso zomwe zili mu ayoni zachitsulo zidzachepetsa gawo lalikulu la yankho la pickling, lomwe lidzakhudzenso pickling ndi liwiro la workpiece.Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kuti mupeze njira yabwino yopangira pickling, yankho la pickling liyeneranso kukhala ndi ma ayoni achitsulo.

(1)Nthawi yokolola
M'malo mwake, nthawi ya pickling imadalira kuchuluka kwa hydrochloric acid/ayoni wachitsulo (mchere wachitsulo) komanso kutentha kwa njira yowotchera.

Ubale pakati pa nthawi ya pickling ndi zinc:
Ndizodziwika bwino pakuwotcha kuviika galvanizing ntchito kuti ntchito zoteteza overpickling ya kanasonkhezereka workpieces kumabweretsa zambiri nthaka Mumakonda, mwachitsanzo "overpickling" kumawonjezera kumwa nthaka.
Nthawi zambiri, kumizidwa mu tanki yophika kwa ola limodzi ndikokwanira kuchotsa dzimbiri.Nthawi zina, pansi pa ntchito ya fakitale, workpiece yodzaza imatha kuikidwa mu thanki ya pickling usiku, ndiko kuti, kumizidwa kwa maola 10-15.Zopangira malata zotere zimakutidwa ndi zinc kwambiri kuposa kunyamula nthawi yanthawi zonse.

(2)Kusankha Bwino Kwambiri
Yabwino pickling zotsatira workpiece ayenera pamene ndende ya hydrochloric acid ndi ndende ya mpweya ayoni chitsulo (chitsulo salt) kufika wachibale bwino.
(3)Njira yothetsera kuchepa kwa acidity
Pamene pickling njira amachepetsa kapena kutaya pickling zotsatira chifukwa machulukitsidwe ayoni chitsulo (chitsulo mchere), akhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kubwezeretsa pickling ntchito.Ngakhale ndende ya hydrochloric acid yafupika, ntchito ya pickling imatha kupitilirabe, koma kuchuluka kwake kumachepa.Ngati asidi watsopano akuwonjezeredwa ku pickling njira ndi zimalimbikitsa chitsulo zili, ndende ya latsopano hydrochloric asidi kutsuka njira adzagwa pamwamba machulukitsidwe mfundo, ndipo pickling wa workpiece akadali zosatheka.
(4)Njira zochizira asidi akasungunuka
Njira ya pickling ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi, ndende yake imachepa ndipo imakhala acid acid.Komabe, asidi panthawiyi sangathe kubwezeretsedwanso ndi wopanga, ndipo amasungabe mtengo wake wogwiritsidwa ntchito.Kuti tigwiritse ntchito asidi otsika ndi kuchepa kwachulukidwe, panthawiyi, zopangira zomwe zimatayikira m'malo opaka mafuta otenthetsera ndipo zimafunika kumizidwanso nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa Pakati pawo, pickling ndi kukonzanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito moyenera. kutaya asidi.

Njira yosinthira asidi akale ndi hydrochloric acid pickling solution:
Pamene mchere wachitsulo mu asidi wakale uposa zomwe zatchulidwa, ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi asidi watsopano.Njirayi ndi yakuti asidi watsopano amawerengera 50%, asidi akale amawonjezeredwa ku asidi watsopano pambuyo pa mvula, ndipo kuchuluka kwa asidi wakale ndi ~ 50%.Mchere wamchere wokhala ndi zosakwana 16% ukhoza kuonjezera ntchito ya pickling yankho, yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi asidi yochepa, komanso imapulumutsa kuchuluka kwa asidi.
Komabe, mu njira iyi, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wothirira wothira mafuta, kuchuluka kwa asidi akale omwe adawonjezedwa kuyenera kuchitidwa poyang'anira mosamalitsa zomwe zili mumchere wachitsulo wa asidi wakale, komanso kuchuluka kwa mchere wachitsulo mumchere womwe wangoyamba kumene. njira yothetsera hydrochloric acid iyenera kuyendetsedwa m'manja mwanu.Pakati pazigawozi, simuyenera kutsatira mwachimbulimbuli mfundo zina.

Zopangira zitsulo ndi liwiro pickling
Kuthamanga kwa pickling kumasiyanasiyana ndi kapangidwe ka zitsulo zosakaniza ndi kuchuluka kwake.
Mpweya wa carbon mu chitsulo umakhudza kwambiri kusungunuka kwa matrix achitsulo.Kuwonjezeka kwa mpweya wa carbon kudzawonjezera kusungunuka kwa matrix achitsulo mofulumira.
Mlingo wa kuwonongeka kwa zitsulo workpiece masanjidwewo pambuyo kuzizira ndi kutentha processing chawonjezeka;pamene kusungunuka kwazitsulo zogwirira ntchito pambuyo pa annealing kudzachepa.Mu sikelo ya iron oxide pamwamba pa chitsulo chogwirira ntchito, kusungunuka kwa chitsulo monoxide kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa ferric oxide ndi ferric oxide.Zitsulo zopindidwa zimakhala ndi iron monoxide yambiri kuposa zitsulo zopindika.Choncho, liwiro lake pickling ndi mofulumira.Khungu la iron oxide likachuluka, ndiye kuti nthawi ya pickling imatalika.Ngati makulidwe a sikelo ya iron oxide silofanana, n'zosavuta kutulutsa zolakwika zamtundu wa pickling kapena pickling.